CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF ESSENTIAL OILS FROM LOCAL PLANTS AND THEIR EFFECTS ON THP-1 LIPID DEPOSITS AND LDL PEROXIDATION

RODENAK KLADNIEW B; DUMRAUF B; CRESPO R; CASTRO A; GARCÍA DE BRAVO M

Congreso; SAIB-SAMIGE Joint Meeting 2020 on line; 2020

SAIB, SAMIGE

Foam cells are formed after oxidized low-density lipoprotein (oxLDL) uptake by macrophages inducing a significant increase of lipid deposits, mainly cholesterol esters and triacylglycerols (TAG). Foam cell accumulation in the artery walls confers one of the highest cardiovascular risks and initiates atherosclerotic progression. The aim of this work was to search for natural compounds to prevent or reduce the atherogenic process. We analyzed the effects of the essential oils (EOs) from various local aromatic plants on intracellular lipid accumulation and their antioxidant activity. Chemical composition of EOs of Lippia alba (chemotype linalool) (LaLEO), Calamintha officinalis (CoEO), Eucalyptus globulus (EgEO) and Origanum x applii (OaEO) was analyzed by CGC-MS. THP-1 cells were incubated with PMA (5 ng/mL) for differentiation, incubated with oxLDL (40 𝜇g/mL) to establish the model of THP-1 macrophage-derived foam cells which were treated with the EOs (0-1000 μL/L). MTT cell viability assays were performed, cholesterol (total, free, and esterified) and triacylglycerols (TAG) content were quantified by TLC and commercial kits. EOs antioxidant activity was analyzed in human LDL incubated with EOs and then oxidized with CuSO4 by TBARS assay.The major components of LaLEO were linalool and 1,8-cineole; of CoEO pulegone, isomenthone and menthol; of EgEO 1,8-cineole; and of OaEO different terpineol isomers and thymol. OaEO showed the lowest IC50 viability value (IC50= 45 μL/L) and a decrease of foam cell lipid deposits, with a significant reduction of free cholesterol and TAG by 41% and 36%, respectively. CoEO and EgEO showed a similar trend in lipid profile but LaLEO increased lipid deposits. TBARS assay demonstrated that LaLEO and CoEO increased LDL lipid peroxidation suggesting a pro-oxidant effect. OaEO inhibited LDL lipid peroxidation, whereas EgEO showed a dual effect according to concentration. The results indicate that OaEO and EgEO could reduce lipid accumulation in human foam cells and protect LDL from oxidative stress suggesting their great potential as natural drugs against atherosclerosis disease.As it is well reported, many genes of lipid metabolism are transcriptionally regulated by nuclear receptors as PPARs, and some monoterpenes (major components of EOs) could be their agonists or antagonists. In order to go forward in the molecular mechanisms, we propose to evaluate the activation and expression of PPARs lipid metabolism target genes by OaEO and EgOa using reporter genes assay and qRT-PCR.