Effect of organophosphate fenitrothion on biochemical parameters of the crustacean Macrobrachium borellii

LAVARÍAS, S.; GARCÍA, F.; CRESPO, R.; PEDRINI,N.; HERAS, H.

Potrero de los Funes

Congreso; XLVII Reunión SAIByBM; 2011

SAIByBM

Argentine agricultural practices use several agrochemicals including organophosphates. Although most of them have low persistence in aquatic ecosystems, they adversely affect non-target fauna. We evaluated metabolic alterations that could be used as pollution biomarkers in the area of Río de La Plata, using the prawn Macrobachium borellii exposed to the pesticide fenitrotión (FS) as a model. Was studied the digestive gland (DG) from adults exposed to sublethal concentrations (0.1 to 0.7 ppb) for 1 to 7 days. The activity of catalase (CAT), glutathione-S-transferase (GST) superoxide dismutase (SOD) and peroxidation levels were determined. Inhibition of hemolymph acetylcholinesterase (ACT) and hemocyte DNA damage was also determined. SOD activity increased at 0.7 ppb FS at day 2 and 4. Exposure to 0.4 ppb FS increased CAT activity at day 1 and 4, while GST increased at day 2 and 7 in the DG of exposed prawn. LPO levels increased at 0.4 ppb except at day 7, Hemolymph analysis showed that while ACT activity decreased inversely with FS concentration after day 2, hemocytes displayed most DNA damage after 7 day exposure to FS. As a whole, these results indicate that though there is no correlation between these parameters and FS concentration and/or days of exposure, these biochemical parameters were highly sensitive and could be employed in the evaluation of FS aquatic pollution.