HISTOPATHOLOGICAL EFFECT OF CYPERMETHRIN ON THE APPLE SNAIL POMACEA CANALICULATA

ARRIGHETTI, FLORENCIA; RODRIGUES CAPÍTULO, ALBERTO; LAVARIAS, SABRINA MARÍA LUISA

Buenos Aires

Congreso; XI Biennial Meeting SETAC Latinoamérica; 2015

Sociedad de Toxicología y Química Ambiental

Cypermethrin (CYP) is a pyrethroid pesticide wildly used in Argentina agriculture. The objective of this study was to evaluate histological changes in the digestive gland, gill and foot of Pomacea canaliculata exposed to CYP (Gleba, S.A.). Animals were exposed to three CYP concentrations (10, 25 y 100 μg/L) during 4, 7 y 14 days and their respective controls without pesticide were included in the analysis. A stereological procedure was applied in order to quantify the volume density of the different cell types and the percent of surface occupied by pigmented corpuscles was estimated. The digestive gland of P. canaliculata consisted of numerous blind ending tubules that were composed of digestive cells and basophilic cells. The digestive cell was the more frequent cell type observed in control groups. In the exposed groups, irrespective of the concentration, an increase in the number of basophilic cells was recorded. An increment in the surface occupied by pigmented corpuscles with increasing dose was observed for all the exposure time. The gill filament of the control snails is formed by numerous ciliated columnar epithelial cells. In the exposed snails, irrespective of the concentration, the gills exhibited a reduction in lenght or losss of cilia, the columnar cells became highly vacuolated and an increase in haemocyte content was observed. Based on the normal morphology of the foot, after 7 and 14 days exposure to100 μg/L of CYP a disruption in the columnar muscle fibres and an increase in the lipid vacuoles and mucocytes were observed. All the histopathological observations indicated that the exposure to sublethal concentrations of CYP cause several damages in the body tissues of the apple snail P. canaliculata and we propose that this species could be used as biomonitor of piretroid contamination in aquatic ecosystems. This work is part of a larger one in where metabolic alterations of exposed snail to CYP were studied, in terms of the oxidative damage and enzymatic activity.