Plant assemblages from south-west Gondwana: further evidence for high latitude vegetation in the Devonian of Argentina

EDWARDS, D.; POIRÉ, DG.; MOREL, E.M.; CINGOLANI, C.A.

Enviado: Geological Society of London

Geological Society

Lugar: London; Año: 2008

Plant assemblages from south-west Gondwana: further evidence for high latitude vegetation in the Devonian of Argentina D. Edwardsa, D.G. Poiréb, E.M. Morelc, C.A. Cingolanib a  School of Earth, Ocean and Planetary Sciences, Cardiff University, Main Building, Park Place, Cardiff CF10 3YE, UK; b  Centro de Investigaciones Geológicas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata-CONICET, calle 1 n. 644, 1900-La Plata, Argentina; c  División Científica de Paleobotánica, Museo de La Plata and CIC Prov. Bs. Aires, Paseo del Bosque s/n, 1900-La Plata, Argentina. e-mail: EdwardsD2@cardiff.ac.uk Running header:  Devonian plants from south-west Gondwana Abstract Plant assemblages are described from the Talacasto and Punta Negra Formations, San Juan Province, the Argentine Precordillera.  A detailed facies study involving trace fossil assemblages indicates that the plants were buried in shallow low to high energy marine environments, but not in turbidites as previously postulated.  Apart from a single specimen resembling Cooksonia from the Lochkovian Tarabuco Formation, the abundant compression fossils consist of short lengths of smooth axes, occasional defoliated lycopod stems, and very rare isolated sporangia.  It is thus impossible to assign any to existing taxa with confidence nor are there sufficient distinguishing characters to erect new ones.  Although the possible age of the formations in the Precordillera remains conjectural, the fossils themselves, even preserved in such fragmentary states, indicate much lower grades of organisation than seen in coeval assemblages elsewhere, particularly on the Laurussian and South China palaeocontinents.  Palaeocontinental reconstructions of Gondwana indicate that the localities are within 30° of the palaeo south pole.  Thus a global latitudinal gradient in vegetation is postulated for the Lower Devonian with decreasing disparity and diversity at higher latitudes.  An explanation for the latter is explored in terms of light regime and temperature in highly stressed environments.