Susceptibility of preparasitic stages of Chordodes nobilii (Gordiida, Nematomorpha) to the fungicide carbendazim

ACHIORNO CECILIA; DE VILLALOBOS CRISTINA; FERRARI LUCRECIA

JOURNAL OF HELMINTHOLOGY

CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS

Lugar: Cambridge; Año: 2014

0022-149X

We evaluated the effect of carbendazim on nontarget organisms using the parasite Chordodes nobilii as a test organism. Gordiida act as a link between freshwater and terrestrial ecosystems; and C. nobilii, a neotropical representative species of this group, has been shown to be sensitive to other contaminants even at environmental acceptable concentrations. The taxa susceptible to carbendazim, however, may not be adequately represented among the standard aquatic test species used in ecotoxicologic-risk assessment. Moreover, the autochthonous organisms in this area that could be used as bioindicators still need to be found. The aim of the present work was therefore to assess the susceptibility of the preparasitic stages of C. nobilii to noxious effects by carbendazim. The assay protocol consisted in 96- and 48-h acute exposures of early embryonic stages and larvae, respectively, to concentrations ranging from 10 to 360 µg/l. Embryonic development was not inhibited by carbendazim at any concentration evaluated, but the infectivity of larvae emerging from the exposed eggs was significantly diminished. Larval survival rate was also affected at the lowest concentration assayed. Values of the mean inhibition concentration (IC50) were 7 and 11 µg/l for embryos and larvae, respectively. Compared to other freshwater organisms, C. nobilii can be considered a species moderately to highly susceptible to carbendazim. As the expected environmental concentrations of carbendazim range from 6.25 to 41.3 µg/l, C. nobilii could well be a species in danger when exposed to this fungicide.