Bioactivity of gallic acid–conjugated silica nanoparticles against Paenibacillus larvae and their host, Apis mellifera honeybee

MOLINÉ, MARÍA P.; MÁRTIRE, DANIEL O.; GENDE, LIESEL B.; MOLINÉ, MARÍA P.; MÁRTIRE, DANIEL O.; GENDE, LIESEL B.; DOMÍNGUEZ, ENZO; ARCE, VALERIA B.; ÁLVAREZ, BRENDA S.; DOMÍNGUEZ, ENZO; ARCE, VALERIA B.; ÁLVAREZ, BRENDA S.; CHURIO, MARÍA S.; MENDIARA, SARA N.; DAMIANI, NATALIA; CHURIO, MARÍA S.; MENDIARA, SARA N.; DAMIANI, NATALIA

APIDOLOGIE

EDP SCIENCES S A

Lugar: Paris; Año: 2019 p. 616 - 631

0044-8435

Abstract ? The aim of this work was to evaluate antimicrobial activity against Paenibacillus larvae and oraltoxicity against workers and larvae of Apismellifera of gallic acid (GA) and two nanohybrids of GA and silica.Also,the physicochemical, structural, and energetic properties of GA and the nanohybrids were determined throughstructure?activity relationship (SAR). The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) against P. larvae was determined.GA showed MIC values between 62.5 and 125 μg/ml, whereas the nanoparticle functionalized through theGA carboxylic moiety (NP2) showed the best antimicrobial activity with a MIC value of 23 μgGA/ml for four of thefive isolates used. SAR analysis showed that electronegativity, chemical hardness, and dipolar moment are reliableestimators of the antimicrobial activity. NP2 showed the lowest toxicity against workers and was innocuous for beelarvae. Therefore, the nanohybrid NP2was the best antibacterial and resulted in non-toxic against workers and larvaeof honeybees, becoming a potentially effective and safe agent for the treatment of American Foulbrood disease.