DIVERSIDAD GENÉTICA APLICADA AL MANEJO Y CONSERVACIÓN DE POBLACIONES DE

BUSTAMANTE A, MATÉ L, LAMAS H, ARBELETCHE VIDAL RIOJA L.

Santa María, Provincia de Catamarca. República Argentina

Congreso; IV Congreso Mundial sobre Camélidos; 2006

Ministerio de Producción y Desarrollo del Gobierno de la Provincia de Catamarca, el Consejo Federal de Inversiones, la Fundación Biodiversidad y la Municipalidad de Santa María

AbstractArgentina possesses 405% of the world population of llamas, being the Argentine Northwest (NOA) thezone of greater density. The main objective of the llamas breeding is the fiber production. The loss of geneticdiversity prevents the improvement of species with productive interest. Because of it, in programs of conservationand management is necessary to know the population genetic variability. With the purpose to know it and thereforethe kind of management that should be implemented, 14 loci of DNA microsatelite in 77 llamas of three troops of theNOA were analyzed. The results showed, levels of relatively high genetic variability with Medium Number ofAlleles of 7.17, and expected and observed heterozygosity of 0.71 and 0.52 respectively. The excess of homozygotesfound, indicates that the domestic populations conserve the reproductive and social behavior of the wild ones. Thegenetic differentiation among populations is moderate (p<0.05). Nevertheless, although introgression of alleles inthe populations because of the incorporation of foreign males, there is not genetic flow at present. The obtained datawould advise to carry out a management that conserve the own characteristics of each population, but incorporatinganimals with similar characteristics from other troops. Besides, genealogical registrations should be established inorder to design matings between individuals with private alleles. These guidelines would permit to retain themaximum genetic variability minimizing the effects of the gene drift and the consanguinity.Keywords: Lama glama, genetic diversity, microsatellites, management