ENHANCED RISK FOR GESTATIONAL DIABETES AND PREECLAMPSIA IN THE MOTHER RAT CONSUMING A FRUCTOSE RICH DIET DURING PREGNANCY

DEL ZOTTO H; ALZAMENDI, A; CASTROGIOVANNI, D; GIOVAMBATTISTA, A; ROMERO J; GAILLARD, R; GAGLIARDINO, JUAN J; SPINEDI, E

Madrid

Congreso; 4th International Congress on Prediabetes and Metabolic Syndrome; 2011

Int. Soc. of Diabetes

Moderate excess of fructose intake through the diet induces metabolic syndrome (MS) in rats. Inthe present study we attempted to investigate the impact of the intake of an iso-caloric fructose(10 % w/v, in drinking solution) rich diet (FRD) on pregnancy outcome in the rat. On pregnancyday zero, rats were assigned to either group, drinking tap water (normal diet, ND) or FRDthroughout pregnancy. All rats were provided with purina chow diet and drinking solution adlibitum. A set of 4 rats per group was submitted to an i.v. high glucose load test on pregnancyday 14. Other set of 4-5 rats per group was sacrificed on pregnancy day 20, then fetus numberand weight (BW) were recorded, and placental tissues were dissected for histological studies.Our data indicated that although FRD rats well tolerated high glucose load, the area under thecurve of the circulating levels of insulin throughout the test (1 h) was significantly (p< 0.05)higher in FRD than in ND rats. While no differences were noticed in both fetus number and BWamong mother-group, the area of placental vasculature was significantly (p< 0.05 vs. ND values)reduced in tissues from FRD rats. Our study further indicates that excessive intake of fructose,for 14-20 days, impaired peripheral insulin sensitivity and induced a distorted placentalangiogenesis. This study strongly supports that FRD intake throughout pregnancy enhanced themother´s risk for development of gestational diabetes and preeclamsia.