High Risk of Metabolic and Adipose Tissue Dysfunctions in Adult Male Progeny, Due to Prenatal and Adulthood Malnutrition Induced by Fructose Rich Diet

ALZAMENDI, ANA; ZUBIRÍA, GUILLERMINA; MORENO, GRISELDA; PORTALES, ANDREA

Nutrients

MDPI

Año: 2016 vol. 8

Abstract: The aim of this work was to determine the effect of a fructose rich diet (FRD) consumed bythe pregnant mother on the endocrine-metabolic and in vivo and in vitro adipose tissue (AT) functionsof the male offspring in adulthood. At 60 days of age, rats born to FRD-fed mothers (F) showedimpaired glucose tolerance after glucose overload and high circulating levels of leptin (LEP). Despitethe diminished mass of retroperitoneal AT, this tissue was characterized by enhanced LEP geneexpression, and hypertrophic adipocytes secreting in vitro larger amounts of LEP. Analyses of stromalvascular fraction composition by flow cytometry revealed a reduced number of adipocyte precursorcells. Additionally, 60 day-old control (C) and F male rats were subjected to control diet (CC andFC animals) or FRD (CF and FF rats) for three weeks. FF animals were heavier and consumedmore calories. Their metabolic-endocrine parameters were aggravated; they developed severehyperglycemia, hypertriglyceridemia, hyperleptinemia and augmented AT mass with hypertrophicadipocytes. Our study highlights that manipulation of maternal diet induced an offspring phenotypemainly imprinted with a severely unhealthy adipogenic process with undesirable endocrine-metabolicconsequences, putting them at high risk for developing a diabetic state.