Corticosteroid receptors, their chaperones and co-chaperones: How do they modulate adipogenesis?

J. TONEATTO; A. NASELLI; N L. CHARó; M.MUñOZ-BERNART; A. LOMBARDI; S.SUSPERREGUY; G.PIWIEN PILIPUK

Nuclear Receptor Research

Agial Publishing House

Año: 2014 vol. 1

2314-5706

It is well known that glucocorticoids and mineralocorticoids are part of the list of hormones that control adipogenesis as well as different aspects of the physiology of the adipose tissue. Their actions are mediated through their binding to the glucocorticoid and the mineralocorticoid receptors (GR and MR, respectively), in complex with heat shock proteins (Hsps) and high molecular weight immunophilins (IMMs). Albeit many aspects of the molecular mechanism of the corticosteroid receptors are not fully elucidated yet, it was not until recently that the first evidences of the functional importance of Hsps and IMMs in the process of adipocyte differentiation have been described. Hsp90 and the high molecular weight IMM FKBP51 modulate GR and MR activity at multiple levels i.e. hormone binding affinity, their subcelular distribution and the transcriptional status, among other aspects of the NR function. Interestingly, it has recently been described that Hsp90 and FKBP51 also participate the control of PPARã, a key transcription factor in the control of adipogenesis and the maintenance of the adipocyte phenotype. In addition, novel roles have been uncover for FKBP51 in the organization of the nuclear architecture through its participation in the reorganization of the nuclear lamina and the control of the subnuclear distribution of GR. Thus, the aim of this review is to integrate and discuss the actual understanding of the role of corticosteroid receptors, their chaperones and co-chaperones in the process of adipocyte differentiation.