Role of lipid mediators at the maternal-foetal interfase.

SORDELLI, MS; RIBEIRO MARÍA LAURA; CAÑUMIL, VA; BELTRAME, JS; FRANCHI, A

Puerto Varas

Congreso; VII Latin American Symposium on Maternal Fetal Interaction & Placenta (SLIMP) and IV Latin American Symposium on Reproductive Immunology (LASRI).; 2017

We study the role of lipid mediators at the maternal-fetal interface. Lipids are a very heterogeneous group of substances that play important role in diverse biologic functions. In particular, we have paid special attention to endocannabinoids, prostaglandins, and lysophosphatidic acid, and theiractions on the uterine function and first trimester trophoblast behaviour. We observed that these lipids crosstalk in the uterine tissue at the sites of embryo implantation, regulating the expression of molecular markers of vascularization (interleukin-10) and decidualization (insulin-like growth factor binding protein 1 (IGFBP-1) and prolactin), and thus acting as proimplantatory factors. Endocannabinoids level close to and at implan- tation sites seem to modulate nitric oxide synthase activity, via cannabinoid receptors and the presence of the blastocyst. Also, the disruption ofendogenous lysophosphatidic acid signalling by blocking lysophosphatidic acid 3 receptor (LPA3) modified the development of uterine vessels with consequences in the formation of the decidua and placenta, and in the growth of the embryos. Lysophosphatidic acid enhances vascularizationand migration of first trimester trophoblast cells through LPA3 and increasing the expression of cyclooxygenase-2 protein and prostaglandin 2 generation. Interestingly, lysophosphatidic acid-stimulated trophoblast exerts paracrine actions over endothelial cells increasing their migration.Recently, we observed that oestradiol and progesterone, the master hormones that orchestrate the events that take place during implantation, regulate trophoblast vascularization through lysophosphatidic acid and LPA3 receptor. All together, our results show that lipid mediators couldregulate the implantation process by modulating crucial events at the maternal and the fetal components of the maternal-foetal interphase.