ROLE OF LIPID MEDIATORS AT THE MATERNAL-FOETAL INTERPHASE

CAÑUMIL, VANESA A.; RIBEIRO MARIA LAURA; SORDELLI, MICAELA SOLEDAD; FRANCHI, ANA MARIA; BELTRAME JIMENA

PUERTO VARAS

Simposio; Simposio de la Sociedad Latinoamericana de Interacción Materno-Fetal y Placenta Latin American Society for Materno Fetal Interaction and Placenta; 2017

Sociedad Latinoamericana de Interacción Materno-Fetal y Placenta

We study the role of lipid mediators at the maternal-fetal interface. Lipidsare a very heterogeneous group of substances that play important role indiverse biologic functions. In particular, we have paid special attention toendocannabinoids, prostaglandins, and lysophosphatidic acid, and theiractions on the uterine function and first trimester trophoblast behaviour.We observed that these lipids crosstalk in the uterine tissue at the sites ofembryo implantation, regulating the expression of molecular markers ofvascularization (interleukin-10) and decidualization (insulin-like growthfactor binding protein 1 (IGFBP-1) and prolactin), and thus acting asproimplantatory factors. Endocannabinoids level close to and at implantationsites seem to modulate nitric oxide synthase activity, via cannabinoidreceptors and the presence of the blastocyst. Also, the disruption ofendogenous lysophosphatidic acid signalling by blocking lysophosphatidicacid 3 receptor (LPA3) modified the development of uterine vessels withconsequences in the formation of the decidua and placenta, and in thegrowth of the embryos. Lysophosphatidic acid enhances vascularizationand migration of first trimester trophoblast cells through LPA3 andincreasing the expression of cyclooxygenase-2 protein and prostaglandin 2generation. Interestingly, lysophosphatidic acid-stimulated trophoblastexerts paracrine actions over endothelial cells increasing their migration.Recently, we observed that oestradiol and progesterone, the master hormonesthat orchestrate the events that take place during implantation,regulate trophoblast vascularization through lysophosphatidic acid andLPA3 receptor. All together, our results show that lipid mediators couldregulate the implantation process by modulating crucial events at thematernal and the fetal components of the maternal-foetal interphase.