Activation of placental mTOR signalling in rats with GDM is prevented by dietary treatments with PUFAs in the previous pregnancy

CAPOBIANCO E, POWELL T, FORNES D, JANSSON T, JAWERBAUM A.

Portland

Congreso; International Federation of Placenta Associations 2016; 2016

We have previously reported that a offspring (F1) of rats with pregestational diabetes (F0) develop gestational diabetes (GDM). This GDM model is associated with activation of placental mTOR signalling, which may contribute to enhanced placental nutrient transfer and fetal growth. We have previously shown that (1) diets enriched in polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) reduces the intrauterine pro-inflammatory environment in pregestational diabetic rats and (2) PUFAs inhibit mTOR signalling in primary cultured human trophoblast cells. We hypothesized that treatment with a 6% safflower oil diet from days 1 to 14 of pregnancy and with a 6% chia oil diet from days 14 to 21 of pregnancy (PUFAs group) in the FO generation normalize placental mTOR signalling in the F1 generation. Methods: GDM rats (F1) were generated by mating pregestational diabetic rats (F0, induced by neonatal streptozotocin administration 90 mg/kg, that were treated or not with PUFAs during pregnancy) with control males. Control and GDM placentas were obtained on day 21 of pregnancy. mTOR signalling activity was determined by Western Blot. Results: In the placenta, reduced phosphorylation of S6 and increased total 4EBP1 expression were found in the GDM-PUFAs group compared to GDM group (p