IFEVA   02662
INSTITUTO DE INVESTIGACIONES FISIOLOGICAS Y ECOLOGICAS VINCULADAS A LA AGRICULTURA
Unidad Ejecutora - UE
artículos
Título:
Foliar diseases affect the eco-physiological attributes linked with yield and biomass in wheat (triticum aestivum)
Autor/es:
SERRAGO ROMAN A; CARRETERO RAMIRO; BANCAL MARIE ODILE; MIRALLES DANIEL J
Revista:
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF AGRONOMY
Editorial:
Elsevier
Referencias:
Lugar: Amsterdam Holanda; Año: 2009 vol. 31 p. 195 - 203
ISSN:
1161-0301
Resumen:
Foliar diseases are the main biotic restrictions reducing yield in Argentine wheat crops (Triticum aestivum L.). There are few studies involving the problem of foliar diseases from an ecophysiological approach. The biomass production (and so yield) depends on (i) the ability of the canopy to capture incident radiation (RI) and (ii) to convert that radiation into biomass (RUE). This paper describes the effects of  foliar diseases, taken as a diseases complex, including leaf rust (Puccinia triticina), Septoria leaf blotch (Mycosphaerella graminicola) and Tan spot (Dreschlera tritici-repentis) on the grain yield, biomass production, LAD, RI and RUE in different wheat production systems (e.g. characterized by years, location and nitrogen supply). The experiments were carried out during four years in four different locations (three in the rolling pampas of Argentine and one in northern of France). Five different commercial wheat cultivars were sown during early (E) and late (L) sowing dates (SD) at normal sowing density and conduced under two contrasting nitrogen supply and two fungicides treatment (protected and unprotected). The foliar diseases affected both, LAD and HAD only during the grain filling period. The foliar diseases reduced both, above-ground biomass at harvest (1544.3 g m-2 and 1714.4 g m-2 for unprotected and protected treatments, respectively) and grain yield (650.1 g m-2 and 748.5 g m-2 for unprotected and protected treatments, respectively) without effects on harvest index. These reductions in biomass by diseases were associated mainly with a reduced accumulated absorbed radiation (HAA) as diseases did not affect RUE values.