IFEVA   02662
INSTITUTO DE INVESTIGACIONES FISIOLOGICAS Y ECOLOGICAS VINCULADAS A LA AGRICULTURA
Unidad Ejecutora - UE
artículos
Título:
Reconciling Carbon-cycle Concepts, Terminology, and Methods
Autor/es:
F. S CHAPIN; G. M. WOODWELL; J. T. RANDERSON; E. B. RASTETTER; G. M. LOVETT; D. D. BALDOCCHI; D. A. CLARK; M. E. HARMON; D. S. SCHIMEL; R. VALENTINI; C. WIRTH; J. D. ABER; J. J. COLE; M. L. GOULDEN; J. W. HARDEN; M. HEIMANN; R. W. HOWARTH; P. A. MATSON; A. D. MCGUIRE; J. M. MELILLO; H. A. MOONEY; J. C. NEFF; R. A. HOUGHTON; M. L. PACE; M. G. RYAN; S. W. RUNNING; O. E. SALA; W. H. SCHLESINGER; E.-D. SCHULZE
Revista:
ECOSYSTEMS (NEW YORK. PRINT)
Referencias:
Año: 2006 vol. 9 p. 1041 - 1050
ISSN:
1432-9840
Resumen:
Recent projections of climatic change have focused a
great deal of scientific and public attention on patterns
of carbon (C) cycling as well as its controls,
particularly the factors that determine whether an
ecosystem is a net source or sink of atmospheric
carbon dioxide (CO2). Net ecosystem production
(NEP), a central concept in C-cycling research, has
been used by scientists to represent two different
concepts. We propose that NEP be restricted to just
one of its two original definitionsthe imbalance
between gross primary production (GPP) and ecosystem
respiration (ER). We further propose that
a new termnet ecosystem carbon balance
(NECB)be applied to the net rate of C accumulation
in (or loss from [negative sign]) ecosystems. Net
ecosystem carbon balance differs from NEP when C
fluxes other than C fixation and respiration occur, or
when inorganic C enters or leaves in dissolved form.
These fluxes include the leaching loss or lateral
transfer of C from the ecosystem; the emission of
volatile organic C, methane, and carbon monoxide;
and the release of soot and CO2 from fire. Carbon
fluxes in addition to NEP are particularly important
determinants of NECB over long time scales. However,
even over short time scales, they are important
in ecosystems such as streams, estuaries, wetlands,
and cities. Recent technological advances have led
to a diversity of approaches to the measurement of C
fluxes at different temporal and spatial scales. These
approaches frequently capture different components
of NEP or NECB and can therefore be compared
across scales only by carefully specifying the
fluxes included in the measurements. By explicitly2). Net ecosystem production
(NEP), a central concept in C-cycling research, has
been used by scientists to represent two different
concepts. We propose that NEP be restricted to just
one of its two original definitionsthe imbalance
between gross primary production (GPP) and ecosystem
respiration (ER). We further propose that
a new termnet ecosystem carbon balance
(NECB)be applied to the net rate of C accumulation
in (or loss from [negative sign]) ecosystems. Net
ecosystem carbon balance differs from NEP when C
fluxes other than C fixation and respiration occur, or
when inorganic C enters or leaves in dissolved form.
These fluxes include the leaching loss or lateral
transfer of C from the ecosystem; the emission of
volatile organic C, methane, and carbon monoxide;
and the release of soot and CO2 from fire. Carbon
fluxes in addition to NEP are particularly important
determinants of NECB over long time scales. However,
even over short time scales, they are important
in ecosystems such as streams, estuaries, wetlands,
and cities. Recent technological advances have led
to a diversity of approaches to the measurement of C
fluxes at different temporal and spatial scales. These
approaches frequently capture different components
of NEP or NECB and can therefore be compared
across scales only by carefully specifying the
fluxes included in the measurements. By explicitly2 from fire. Carbon
fluxes in addition to NEP are particularly important
determinants of NECB over long time scales. However,
even over short time scales, they are important
in ecosystems such as streams, estuaries, wetlands,
and cities. Recent technological advances have led
to a diversity of approaches to the measurement of C
fluxes at different temporal and spatial scales. These
approaches frequently capture different components
of NEP or NECB and can therefore be compared
across scales only by carefully specifying the
fluxes included in the measurements. By explicitlyfluxes included in the measurements. By explicitly
identifying the fluxes that comprise NECB and other
components of the C cycle, such as net ecosystem
exchange (NEE) and net biome production (NBP),
we can provide a less ambiguous framework for
understanding and communicating recent changes
in the global C cycle.