Hepatic responses in Prochilodus lineatus caged in a river receiving sewage effluent.

PÉREZ M.R., ROSSI A., ELORRIAGA Y., BACCHETTA C., CARRIQUIRIBORDE P., CAZENAVE J.

Buenos

Congreso; SETAC Latin America 11 Biennial Meeting; 2015

Evidences of ?in situ? adverse effects induced bywastewaters discharges on aquatic biota are scarce in Latin-American Rivers.Caged field experiment was conducted to investigate the impact of a sewageeffluent on oxidative stress, metabolic parameters and histological alterationsin liver of juveniles Prochilodus lineatus. Fish were caged during 15 days inthe Colastiné River at the following sites: 2 km upstream, immediately and 2 kmdownstream from the sewage effluent discharge point. Physicochemical parametersand the occurrence of some pharmaceuticals in water samples were analyzed ineach site. Antioxidants enzymes (Catalase, Glutathione reductase,Glutathione-S-transferase: GST, Superoxide dismutase), transaminases activities(L-Alanine-2-oxaloglutarate aminotransferase, L-Aspartate-2-oxaloglutarateaminotransferase: AST), lipid peroxidation, energetic cost (glycogen, lipid,protein) and histopathology were assessed in the liver of caged fish. Mostenvironmental variables were similar in the three sites, except for nitrite,phosphorus and total and fecal coliforms, which were higher in the effluentscompared with upstream and downstream sites. Close to the effluent discharge,mean dissolved levels of caffeine, atenolol, enalapril and sildenafil were0.166, 0.065, 0.436, 5.452, 8.541 μg/L, respectively. Cagedfish exposed to the effluent showed a decrease of the GST activity, higherlevels of AST activity and lipid peroxidation, compared with up and downstreamcaged fish. Also, lipids contents were lower in the effluent caged fish; whileglycogen contents were lower in downstream caged fish. Histological alterationrecorded in fish from effluent site included focal necrosis, irregular sharpedof nucleus of hepatocytes and occurrence of abundant yellow-brown granulesindicating bile stagnation. Biochemical and histological biomarker detectedalterations in liver of caged fish exposed at wastewater effluents and suggestliver toxicity induced for this exposition.