MACNBR   00242
MUSEO ARGENTINO DE CIENCIAS NATURALES "BERNARDINO RIVADAVIA"
Unidad Ejecutora - UE
artículos
Título:
A single origin of gall association in a group of parasitic wasps with disparate morphologies
Autor/es:
ALEJANDRO ZALDIVAR-RIVERÓN; SERGEY A. BELOKOBYLSKIJ; VIRGINIA LEÓN-REGAGNON; JUAN JOSÉ MARTINEZ; ROSA BRICEÑO; DONAL L. J. QUICKE
Revista:
MOLECULAR PHYLOGENETICS AND EVOLUTION
Editorial:
Elsevier
Referencias:
Año: 2007 vol. 44 p. 981 - 992
ISSN:
1055-7903
Resumen:
The braconid wasp subfamily Doryctinae mainly comprises idiobiont ectoparasitoids of other insect larvae. In recent years, however,
members of a few genera have been discovered to be associated with galls from various unrelated host plant families, with some of these
being gall inducers whereas others are suspected as being predators of gallers. Because of their considerable morphological differences,
these gall-associated taxa traditionally have been placed in separate tribes or even in other subfamilies. In this study, we investigate the
phylogenetic relationships among representatives of a number of different doryctine genera, including five of its seven gall-associated
genera using two genetic markers. Here we analyzed the length-variable 28S sequence data based on secondary structure both excising
the unalignable regions and recoding them according to indel length. In addition, multiple alignments were carried out with a range of
gap-opening and extension parameters. The combined (28S + CO1) phylogenetic hypotheses obtained, both excluding and recoding the
unalignable regions, recover a clade comprising the five gall-associated genera, and most of the analyses using multiple alignments also
support this relationship. These results support a scenario in which secondary phytophagy evolves from initially attacking primary gallforming
hosts. The relationships recovered are also more congruent with a model that explains the macroevolution of insect plant association
in the Doryctinae as reflecting geographic proximity rather than host plant relationships. Further, our phylogenetic hypotheses
consistently show that one of the main morphological features employed in the higher level classification of the Doryctinae is actually
highly homoplastic.