MACNBR   00242
MUSEO ARGENTINO DE CIENCIAS NATURALES "BERNARDINO RIVADAVIA"
Unidad Ejecutora - UE
artículos
Título:
African matrilineages in American creole cattle: evidence of two independent continental sources
Autor/es:
J. LIRON; C. BRAVI; P. MIROL; P. PERAL GARCÍA; G. GIOVAMBATTISTA
Revista:
ANIMAL GENETICS
Referencias:
Año: 2006 p. 379 - 382
ISSN:
0268-9146
Resumen:
In order to clarify the historical origin and phylogeographic affinities of Creole cattle matrilineages
throughout the American continent, we analysed published D-loop mtDNA sequences
(n ¼ 454) from Creole, Iberian and African cattle breeds. The Western European
T3 haplogroup was the most common in American Creole cattle (63.6%), followed by the
African T1 (32.4%) and the Near Eastern T2 haplogroups (4%). None of the sequences were
found in Bos indicus types. Within the African T1 haplogroup there were two subclades, T1a
and T1*, whose geographic distribution in America was clearly disjointed. T1a is a highly
divergent clade originally reported for Creole cattle from Brazil and the Lesser Antilles, but
whose geographic distribution in Africa remains unknown. In contrast, lineages attributable
to T1* are restricted in America to the region colonized by the Spaniards. We propose a
new hypothesis for the origins of Creole cattle that summarizes all previously published
historical and genetic data. While the African T1* fraction in Creole cattle may have arrived
in America through the Iberian breeds, the divergent T1a lineages may have been introduced
by Portuguese and other European crowns from some unknown, not-yet-sampled
African location. Additional molecular studies will be required for pinpointing the specific
African regional source.