Synergistic Effects of Copper and Butylic Ester of 2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid (Esternon Ultra) on Amphibian Embryos

CRISTINA S. PÉREZ-COLL; JORGE HERKOVITS

Int.J.Environment Res Public Health

no se

Lugar: Jackson, Mississippi; Año: 2006 vol. 3 p. 343 - 347

Cu2+ and butylic ester of 2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic acid as Esternon Ultra (2,4-D) toxicity on Bufo arenarum embryos was evaluated by means of a short-term chronic toxicity test (AMPHITOX). The NOEC values for Cu and 2,4-D were 0.02 mg/L and 2 mg/L respectively. The Toxicity Profile (TOP) curves for Cu and 2,4-D were reported. The interactions of the metal and the herbicide were evaluated by combined treatments with different concentrations of Cu and 2,4-D. Although in all cases, a synergistic effect between these chemicals was observed, the combination of concentrations exerting low level effects in isolated treatments resulted as more adverse for embryonic survival. Considering that both products are extensively used in agroecosystems, this fact could be of concern for no target species like the case of amphibians.