IIBBA   05544
INSTITUTO DE INVESTIGACIONES BIOQUIMICAS DE BUENOS AIRES
Unidad Ejecutora - UE
congresos y reuniones científicas
Título:
Potential use of rosemary bioactives against nosocomial multidrug-resistant bacteria Study of the efficacy and safety of antibacterial compounds of rosemary plants
Autor/es:
SILVIA MORENO; NICOLÁS VÁZQUEZ; CATALINA VAN BAREN; PAULO ARTUROCÁCERES GUIDO
Lugar:
Caparica-Almada
Reunión:
Congreso; Ist Internacional Caparica Conference in Antibiotic Resistance, I-IC2AR; 2015
Institución organizadora:
Faculty of Science and Technology, University New of Lisbon / Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia - Universidade Nova de Lisboa Quinta da Torre, 2829-516 Portugal
Resumen:
Study of the efficacy and safety of antibacterial compounds of rosemary plants Silvia Moreno1*, Nicolás Vázquez1, Catalina van Baren2, Paulo A Cáceres Guido3 1Foundación Instituto Leloir-IIBBA-CONICET; Universidad Maimónides CABA, Argentina 2Cátedra de Farmacognosia-IQUIMEFA (CONICET), Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, UBA, 3Grupo de Medicina Integradora, Hospital de Pediatría Juan H. Garrahan, CABA, Argentina *smorenocontar@gmail.com Antibiotic resistance of bacteria is a dramatic problem worldwide limiting the efficacy of classical antibiotics and narrowing down the current alternatives for the treatment of infectious diseases [1]. Some strategies are continuing to be explored in order to fight this resistance, between others: development of new antibiotics, implementation of adjuvant therapies (non-antibiotic) to enhance known antibiotics, or to find out compounds able to inhibit drug efflux, a widespread mechanism to expel the major classes of antibiotics. Plant produced antibacterial compounds [2], however to know the real potential in the human clinical practice of these compounds, first is required to characterize bioactives responsible for the antibiotic activity as well as their mechanism of antibacterial action. Then, efficacy and safety studies must be done in order to validate their use in the modern medicine. We investigate the antibacterial properties of non-volatile compounds as carnosic acid (main diterpene of leaves) and essential oils constituents of Rosmarinus officinalis (rosemary) against sensitive and multidrug resistant bacteria. The identification of bioactives was performed by HPLC and GC-FID-MS chromatography. The in vitro antibacterial activity was evaluated by the microdilution broth assay in microplates [3] and well-accepted animal models of infection were used [4]. The mechanism of action of bioactives was studied using the fluorescent compounds as SYTOX Green, which only enters to cells with compromised plasma membranes, and DiSC3(5) a cationic dye that is accumulated onto hyperpolarized membranes [5]. Toxicity evaluation of bioactives was performed in a syngeneic model of BALB/c mice by physiological and pathological examinations of organs; cell viability was also evaluated by MTS and Trypan blue assays [6]. Our results showed no cytotoxic effect of carnosic acid at concentrations that inhibited efflux pump in Staphylococcus aureus and Enterococcus faecalis. Therefore, this compound is able to potentiate fluoroquinolone, aminoglycosides and tetracycline. In addition, bactericide as well as bacteriostatic action of essential oil constituents in vitro as well as in vivo against S. aureus was observed. Moreover, antibacterial activity against Gram-negative pathogenic bacteria by inducing cell membrane disruption was also found. In conclusion: the in vitro and in vivo studies indicates a high potential of the rosemary compounds studies here for the treatment of infectious diseases as antibacterial alone or in combination with common antibiotics. References [1] R. Leclercq, Clinical Microbiology Infectology 15 (2009) 224?231. [2] W.T. Langeveld, E.J.A. Veldhuizen, S.A. Burt, Critical Reviews in Microbiology 40 (2014) 76?94. [3] S. Moreno, T. Scheyer, C. Romano, A. Vojnov, Free Radical Research 40 (2006) 223?231. [4] E. Kugelberg, T. Norström, T.K. Petersen, T. Duvold, D.I. Andersson, Antimicrobial Agent Chemotheraphy 49 (2005) 3435-3441. [5] A.M. Ojeda-Sana, V. Repetto, S. Moreno, World J. Microbiology and Biotechnology 29 (2013) 137?144. [6] M. Gaya, V. Repetto, J. Toneatto, C. Anesini, G. Piwien-Pilipuk, S. Moreno, Biochimica et Biophysica Acta 830 (2013) 3796?3806. Acknowledgements This research was supported by the National Council for Scientific and Technological Research (CONICET): Grant PIP 2012-2014 00694.